Introduction to CPP

What is C++? 

Bjarne Stroustrup developed C++ in the early 1980s at Bell Labs. It was created with the goal of providing facilities for system and application programming that beyond what the C programming language provides.

Key Features of C++:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): C++ supports object-oriented programming concepts such as classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism, etc. This enables modular, reusable, and maintainable code.

Compiled Language: C++, like C, is a compiled language, which means that any C++ source code must be turned into machine code before being executed.

Cross-Platform: C++ programs can be built to operate on multiple platforms with little or no modification, making it a versatile language for a wide range of operating systems and hardware architectures.

Rich Standard Library: C++ includes a comprehensive standard library with a large range of functions and classes for activities such as file I/O, string manipulation, mathematical operations, and more.

Performance: C++ is renowned for its effectiveness and speed. It gives developers fine-grained control over system resources by enabling low-level data manipulation and features like manual memory management and pointers.

Compatibility with C: Because C++ and C are backward compatible, most C code may be readily incorporated into C++ systems. Developers can now take advantage of pre-existing C codebases and libraries.

Applications of C++:

Game Development: C++'s efficiency and speed make it a popular choice for game developers. It is frequently used in the creation of powerful gaming engines and titles.

User-Interface Applications: C++ is used in the development of several graphic user interface (GUI) programs, such as Adobe Photoshop, due to its ability to process graphic data quickly.

Web-Browsers: Web browsers are developed using C++; one well-known example of a project using C++ is the Chromium browser from Google.

Database Applications: Because C++ is used to write database management systems like MySQL, data processing and manipulation are made more efficient.

Operating Systems: An essential component in the creation of operating systems is C++. For example, C++ is used extensively in the development of Windows features.

Basic Syntax:

#include <iostream.h>

int main() {

    // Print Hello, World! to the console

    cout << "Hello, World!";

    return 0;

}

//

/*

# - directory 

include - add

<iostream.h> - standard input/output header file

main()- execution point of my program

{} - specifies a block 

return 0 - end of my program

; - termination statement

*/